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The Renaissance period produced what is perhaps the greatest of all western art. There are dozens of what we call ‘Old Masters’, but among the most famous are Michelangelo, Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael and Titian in Italy, and in northern Europe. The rich patrons, princess churchmen, merchants and nobles all wanted new paintings to go with their new style palaces and they commissioned the greatest artists to work for them.

New Ideas Of Renaissance Art:
Before the renaissance art most art dealt with religious subjects and was stylized that is, it was not really lifelike but showed the important elements in the picture almost in a kind of code. The people’s bodies were often stiff and not at all like real figures.

Studying Bodies:
The church had forbidden people to dissect dead bodies, but now both doctors and artists began to experiment with corpses. The doctor’s wanted to find out how the body worked and the artists were interested in where the muscles and bones were so that they could draw figures more accurately.

Perspective:
Artists in the middle ages had great difficulty in creating the illusion of objects in the background or at a distance. As a result, their drawings were often flat or had patterned background. They struggled to learn how to draw figures and buildings from different angles. In order to overcome this, they developed a technique called foreshortening. It was this technique, among others, that made Renaissance painting so realistic.

Studying Nature:
Renaissance artists studied nature, human beings and animals. Their notebooks were often full of skeletons of hands, hair or plants so that when they put these into the finished paintings they were very accurate.

Ordinary People:
In the middle ages, most people were of religious subjects. In the Renaissance, under the influence of Humanism —the belief that living people really matter–artists began to draw more scenes of ordinary people and everyday life. Often they painted portraits of their rich patrons, but there were many artists who painted humble peasants at work to play.

Renaissance Buildings:
Some of the characteristics of ancient Roman architecture were arches, domes, flights of steps, triangular pediments over windows and doors and shallow roofs.

The remains of many buildings were scattered throughout Italy and the Mediterranean, and the architects of the Renaissance realized how good the proportions and designs were. They began to copy them not only for churches and public buildings but also for palaces and large houses.

At first the Roman-style buildings were made in Italy itself, but steadily Renaissance ideas spread throughout Europe, changing slightly to suit each country.

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